EXPERIMENTAL MUTAGENESIS IN CAPSICUM ANNUUM: I. EFFECT OF DIFFERENT DOSES OF GAMMA RADIATIONS ON CAPSULE AND SEED PRODUCTION

Genetically pure seeds of Capsicum annuum Linn. (2n = 24) with uniform size and shape were exposed to different doses of gamma radiations. The population raised from these seeds was screened for various parameters. Low doses of gamma radiations were observed to enhance the number of seeds set per capsule as well as the fruit size and number. However, with higher doses, there was reduction in the seed as well as the capsule production. The stimulatory effect of low doses of gamma radiations on capsule and seed production had its reflection in the germination percentage as well as in the growth rate. The growth decreased with higher doses. The lower doses which enhanced the capsule and seed production, also induced mitotic and meiotic abnormalities as well as pollen sterility. Although the frequencies for these parameters were much greater with higher doses. The stimulation in growth, capsule and seed production appears physiological as it was not carried forward in the M₂ generation. Low doses of gamma radiations seem to hold promise in enhancing the seed production in C. annuum.