Inheritance of some qualitative traits of peach fruit in hybrid progenies

The analyses of inheritance of fruit shape, flesh texture, color and consistency, and stone freeness in hybrid seedlings of peach from 48-60 combinations of cross breeding were conducted in order to identify donors of economically valuable traits and their belonging to the ecogeographical groups and ecotypes. The hybrid progeny fully (100%) inherited the rounded shape of the fruit, melting texture, white color and tender flesh with free stone in combinations of cross breeding with homozygous parents for the dominant gene or in combination of a homozygote and a heterozygote parent. Of the 16 donors of rounded shape of the fruit 50% belonged to the Iranian and North Chinese ecogeographical groups. Among the ecotypes most cultivars and forms belong to the European ecotype of Northern Chinese group (43.8%). Of the 34 donors of melting flesh texture 55.9% belonged to the Northern Chinese ecogeographical group and 44.1% to the Iranian group. Among the ecotypes most donors were noted in European ecotype of Northern Chinese group (50.1%). Of the three donors of white colored flesh 66.7% belonged to the Northern Chinese ecogeographical group. Among the ecotypes most donors were observed in European ecotype of Northern Chinese group (66.7%). Of the 15 donors of tender flesh consistency 60% belonged to the Northern Chinese ecogeographical group and 40% to the Iranian group. Among the ecotypes most donors belonged to the European ecotype of Northern Chinese group (53.2%). Of the two donors of free stone one form belonged to Northern Chinese group and the European ecotype and one cultivar to the Iranian group and American ecotype. Thus, it is advisable to include in the hybridization cultivars - donors of valuable traits which are homozygous for the dominant gene, because this trait is inherited in the all hybrid progeny. Most donors belonged to the European ecotype of Northern Chinese ecogeographycal group.