Adventitious root formation in Juglans nigra: a time and place for everything^©

INTRODUCTION
Black walnut (BW; Juglans nigra) is an integral component of the Central and Eastern hardwood regions of the United States. Fine hardwood trees such as BW are used to manufacture high-end wood products such as veneer, cabinetry, gunstocks, and furniture, which are traded regionally and globally. Ecologically, BW serves an integral role as a riparian species, as well as providing food and shelter for wildlife. While BW continues to be cultivated commercially, significant effort and resources have been spent selecting for and breeding BW for improved timber characteristics.