Characterization of Allium species accessions

The warming climate can impact the agrobiological and nutritional properties of perennial plants. Allium species are important perennial plants with a high nutritional value. They can live up to 5-6 years using sustainable cultivation technologies. Therefore, it is particularly important to select and preserve suitable plants under future climatic changes. Investigations were conducted in the crop rotation experimental field, in a flat and open area at the Lithuanian Research Centre for Agriculture and Forestry of the Institute of Horticulture from 2017 to 2021. Plants of Allium schoenoprasum L., A. angulosum L., A. nutans L., and A. fistulosum L. were propagated vegetatively by dividing the three-year-old sprouts into 6-8 bushes and planting them on a flat surface. The complex effect of abiotic and biotic factors on the vegetative and generative development of perennial Allium plants were investigated in the collection. Valuable individuals were selected, and long-term observations on the plant growth stages were conducted. Their adaptation to soil and climatic conditions, and plant productivity, were assessed. Vegetation of perennial plants ranges from 195 to 220±2 days. The plants of Allium schoenoprasum L. begin to flower first and the plants of A. nutans L. flower the latest. The height of the studied A. species plants ranged from 37.9 to 107.4 cm and the diameter from 39.9 to 70.1 cm. The highest and widest foliage was formed by A. angulosum L. plants.