Anthocyanin profiles in fruit from seminal primocane and floricane-fruiting Rubus cultivars

P. Perkins-Veazie, G. Ma, G. Fernandez, H. Oh, C. Ochsenfeld, A. Fister, L. Redpath, R. Rapp
Berries from a group of seminal of floricane/primocane-fruiting blackberry and raspberry cultivars were analyzed for anthocyanin content and profile using high performance liquid chromatography. Cyanidin-based anthocyanins were dominant in both blackberry cultivars ‘Chester Thornless’ and ‘Prime-Ark® 45’ and raspberry cultivars ‘Latham’ and ‘Heritage’. Primocane fruit from ‘Prime-Ark® 45’ or ‘Heritage’ had about 35 and 15% less total anthocyanin than floricane fruit (67 vs. 104 and 100 vs. 115 mg 100 g‑1 fresh weight (FW), respectively). Floricane fruit had higher and lower proportions of cyanidin 3-glucoside (C3G) and cyanidin 3-rutinoside (C3R), respectively, than primocane fruit in ‘Prime-Ark® 45’. In contrast, the %C3G and cyanidin 3-sophoroside (C3So) were similar between floricane and primocane fruit of ‘Heritage’. Between cultivars, ‘Chester Thornless’ floricane fruit had twice as much total anthocyanin as ‘Prime-Ark® 45’ floricane fruit (234 vs. 104 mg 100 g‑1 FW, respectively). The percentage of C3G, the dominant pigment, was similar between blackberry cultivars. ‘Chester Thornless’ had less C3R but more cyanidin-3-malonylglucoside and cyanidin-3-dioxalylglucoside than ‘Prime-Ark® 45’. Compared to ‘Latham’, ‘Heritage’ floricane raspberries had 30% more total anthocyanin than ‘Latham’ (115 vs. 76 mg 100 g‑1 FW) and C3So. In contrast, 27% of the total anthocyanin in ‘Latham’ was cyanidin 3-glucosylrutinoside, compared to 4% in ‘Heritage’. ‘Latham’ had less C3G and more C3R than ‘Heritage’. Cyanidin 3-sambubioside was detected in ‘Latham’ but not in ‘Heritage’. Results indicate that anthocyanin profiles are conserved within primocane and floricane fruit in raspberry and blackberry. Differences in total anthocyanin content and relative profiles of floricane fruit were found across cultivars, especially in raspberry. Profiles between raspberry cultivars were quite different compared to the profiles of the two blackberry cultivars. The marked difference in anthocyanin profiles between blackberries and raspberries may help with inheritance studies in Rubus.
Perkins-Veazie, P., Ma, G., Fernandez, G., Oh, H., Ochsenfeld, C., Fister, A., Redpath, L. and Rapp, R. (2024). Anthocyanin profiles in fruit from seminal primocane and floricane-fruiting Rubus cultivars. Acta Hortic. 1388, 397-404
DOI: 10.17660/ActaHortic.2024.1388.58
https://doi.org/10.17660/ActaHortic.2024.1388.58
cyanidin-3-glucoside, cyanidin-3-xylorutinoside, cyanidin-3-rutinoside, cyanidin 3-malonyl glucoside
English

Acta Horticulturae