Regulation of ripening in apple

Apple research has undergone great improvements in the past few decades, represents one of the most widely and important crops worldwide. There are more than 7500 known cultivars and apple is being considered and as a model for fruit development studies as well. In this review, apple fruit ripening will be reported and summarized. The study of the intrinsic regulatory mechanism of apple fruit ripening is crucial for resolving deeper developmental mechanisms, improving fruit quality, improving breeding programs, obtaining new germplasm resources, and contributing to economic development.