Genome-wide analysis of WD40 family in Ficus carica L. reveals FcTTG1 relating to anthocyanin biosynthesis
WD40 proteins serve as crucial regulators in a broad spectrum of plant developmental and physiological processes including anthocyanin biosynthesis.
However, in fig (Ficus carica L.) neither the WD40 family nor the member involving in anthocyanin biosynthesis has been elucidated.
In the present study, 204 WD40s were identified from fig genome, phylogenetically classified into 5 clusters and 12 subfamilies.
Bioinformatics analysis predicted 109, 69 and 26 FcWD40 proteins localized in the cytoplasm, nuclear and other cellular compartments.
RNA-seq data mining revealed 127 FcWD40s expressed (FPKM >10) in fig fruits.
Most of the FcWD40s demonstrated higher expression in the early stages of fruit development.
FcTTG1 was recruited by screening FcWD40s highly expressed in fig fruits with predicted nuclear localization and clustering with TTG1s identified in other plants. FcWD40-97 encodes 339 amino acids including 5 WD repeat motifs, it showed 88.01 and 87.94% amino acid sequence similarity to apple and peach TTG1, respectively.
The gene is located in fig chromosome 4, composes of 1 intron and 2 exons.
Promoter analysis revealed multiple light responsive elements, one salicylic acid response element, three MeJA-responsive elements, and one MYB binding site involved in flavonoid biosynthesis gene regulation. FcWD40-97 was in the FPKM >100 expression level group of FcWD40 family in fig fruits, high expression was found in the peel of young fruits, the expression level was not significantly changed under light deprivation, while in leaves and roots the expression level were relatively low.
Transient expression verified FcWD40-97 located in the nuclear.
Yeast-two-hybrid (Y2H) and biomolecular fluorescence complementation (BiFC) assays revealed that FcWD40-97 interacted with FcMYB114, FcMYB123, and FcbHLH42 proteins in vitro and vivo, exhibited that FcWD40-97 functioned as a member of MBW complex in anthocyanin biosynthesis regulation in fig, we renamed FcWD40-97 as FcTTG1. Our results provided the first systematic analysis of FcWD40 family and identified FcTTG1 in fig pigmentation.
Fan, Z.Y., Zhai, Y.L., Wang, Y., Zhang, L., Song, M.Y., Flaishman, M.A. and Ma, H.Q. (2024). Genome-wide analysis of WD40 family in Ficus carica L. reveals FcTTG1 relating to anthocyanin biosynthesis. Acta Hortic. 1405, 137-154
DOI: 10.17660/ActaHortic.2024.1405.15
https://doi.org/10.17660/ActaHortic.2024.1405.15
DOI: 10.17660/ActaHortic.2024.1405.15
https://doi.org/10.17660/ActaHortic.2024.1405.15
fig (Ficus carica L.), WD40s, expression profiles, MBW complex, TTG1, anthocyanin biosynthesis
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