A MODEL TO LEARN "VITRIFICATION", THE ROOTSTOCK APPLE M.26 PRESENT RESULTS

Abstract

M.26 apple microplants cultivated in a proliferation medium are used to study the vitrification process. Three culture models have been developed to obtain vitrified and non vitrified plants with a high level of reproductibility.

A morphological, biochemical and physiological description of vitrified and non vitrified microplants is presented.

It is shown that vitrification is related to the nutrient medium composition.

212_0 OPENING ADDRESS
212_1 CLONING PLANTS BY TISSUE CULTURE: EARLY YEARS, CURRENT STATUS AND FUTURE PROSPECTS
212_2 BACTERIAL CONTAMINATION IN TROPICAL HARDWOOD CULTURES
212_3 THE MICROPROPAGATION OF PROSOPIS JULIFLORA (SWARTZ) D C: ESTABLISHMENT IN VITRO
212_4 CLONING OF FOREST TREES : EUCALYPTUS
212_5 NOVEL PLANT GROWTH REGULATOR DELIVERY SYSTEMS FOR IN VITRO CULTURE OF HORTICULTURAL PLANTS
212_6 ESTABLISHMENT OF CULTURES WITHOUT PRECONDITIONING
212_7 SIGNIFICANCE OF THE PHYSIOLOGICAL HYSTORY OF THE EXPLANT IN THE VEGETATIVE PROPAGATION OF BANANA SHOOT TIPS
212_8 MICROPROPAGATION OF FEIJOA SELLOWIANA BERG
212_9 IN VITRO PLANTLET REGENERATION FROM JUVENILE AND MATURE SYCAMORE MAPLE
212_10 BACTERIA CONTAMINANTS IN SHOOT CULTURES OF PRUNUS AVIUM L. CHOICE AND PHYTOTOXICITY OF ANTIBIOTICS
212_11 ENDOGENOUS BACTERIA ELIMINATION IN ORNAMENTAL EXPLANT
212_12 BIG LOSSES DUE TO BACTERIAL CONTAMINATIONS CAN BE AVOIDED IN MASS PROPAGATION SCHEME.
212_13 DEVELOPMENT OF A SIMPLE METHOD FOR COLLECTING AND PROPAGATING COCOA GERMPLASM IN VITRO
212_14 EFFECT OF HEAT TREATMENT ON ACCELERATION CHRYSANTHEMUM MULTIPLICATION BY MERISTEM-TIP CULTURE
212_15 AN ATTEMPT TO PRODUCE DISEASE FREE PEACH PLANTS.
212_16 STOCK PLANT INFLUENCE ON TISSUE CULTURE SUCCESS
212_17 IDENTIFICATION AND ELIMINATION OF "SLOWLY GROWING" BACTERIA FROM A MICROPROPAGATED GERBERA
212_18 GROWTH REGULATOR PRECONDITIONING OF PLATANUS X ACERIFOLIA TREES FOR MICROPROPAGATION
212_19 MICROPROPAGATION OF PEAR, PYRUS COMMUNIS L., IN A DOUBLE-PHASE CULTURE MEDIUM
212_20 A NEW PATENTED METHOD FOR MASS PROPAGATION OF SHOOT CULTURES
212_21 EFFECT OF ACTIVATED CHARCOAL ON IN VITRO PROPAGATION OF WESTERN EUROPEAN ORCHIDS
212_22 GENOTYPICAL DIFFERENCES IN RESPONSE TO MICROPROPAGATION TECHNICS IN PRUNUS DOMESTICA
212_23 RELATIONSHIPS BETWEEN PLOIDY VARIATIONS AND ORGANOGENIC POTENCY IN LONG-TERM CALLUS CULTURES OF ASPARAGUS OFF.
212_24 ARE FACTORS INFLUENCING ADVENTITIOUS BUD FORMATION IN LILIUM SCALE EXPLANTS WORKING ON ONE BIOCHEMICAL PROCESS?
212_25 DETERMINATION OF OPTIMUM LEVEL OF BAP, GA3 AND IAA IN MICROPROPAGATION OF CAMELLIA BY AN ORTHOGONAL COMPOSITE DESIGN.
212_26 " VITRIFICATION " : REVIEW OF LITERATURE
212_27 FACTORS INFLUENCING VITRIFICATION OF CARNATION AND CONIFERS
212_28 CONTROL OF SHOOT "VITRIFICATION" OF ALMOND AND OLIVE GROWN IN VITRO
212_29 CONTROL OF VITRIFICATION AND HYPOLIGNIFICATION PROCESS IN SALIX BABYLONICA CULTURED IN VITRO
212_30 A MODEL TO LEARN "VITRIFICATION", THE ROOTSTOCK APPLE M.26 PRESENT RESULTS
212_31 ACTIVITIES OF 5 ENZYMES OF THE PHENOLIC METABOLISM ON ROOTED AND ACCLIMATED VITREOUS PLANTS IN RELATION WITH PHENOLIC TREATMENTS.
212_32 INVOLVEMENT OF ETHYLENE ON SENESCENCE AND VITRIFICATION OF IN VITRO CULTURED MINIROSES
212_33 ETHYLENEACCUMULATION IN CULTURE VESSELS - A REASON FOR VITRIFICATION?
212_34 VITRIFICATION IN CHESTNUT SHOOTS REGENERATED IN VITRO
212_35 THE PHYSIOLOGICAL DISORDERS OF SOUR CHERRY CULTURES: NECROSIS AND VITRIFICATION
212_36 VITRIFICATION PROBLEM IN THE IN VITRO CULTURE OF FRUIT TREE ROOTSTOCKS
212_37 VITRIFICATION : A PHENOMENON RELATED TO TISSUE WATER CONTENT?
212_38 "VITRIFICATION" : AN INDUCEABLE AND REVERSIBLE PHENOMENON
212_39 VITREOUS PLANTS IN VITRO: RELATIONSHIP WITH AMMONIUM CONTENT OF THE NUTRIENT MEDIUM
212_40 AMMONIUM TOXICITY IN POTATO SHOOT CULTURE
212_41 DEVELOPMENT OF A SYSTEM TO STUDY PEROXIDASES DURING THE ROOTING OF LILAC SHOOTS PRODUCED IN VITRO
212_42 ROLE OF AUXIN DURING IN VITRO RHIZOGENESIS OF ROSE AND APPLE-TREES
212_43 PRELIMINARY INVESTIGATION ON IN VIVO ROOTING OF MICROCUTTINGS OF GF 677 PEACH ROOTSTOCK
212_44 ACTION OF LIGHT ON ROOTING IN VITRO AND ACCLIMATIZATION OF SEQUOIA SEMPERVIRENS TO SOIL
212_45 COMPARISON OF ROOTING METHODS FOR APPLE CULTIVARS IN VITRO
212_46 ACCLIMATIZATION OF WOODY PLANTS UNDER CONTINENTAL CLIMATIC CONDITIONS
212_47 PROBLEMS OF SOIL ADAPTATION IN PLANTLETS OF COFFEA ARABICA L. OBTAINED VIA SOMATIC EMBRYOGENESIS
212_48 USE OF MILCAP® SUBSTRATES FOR IN VITRO ROOTING AND COMING OUT OF PLANTS OBTAINED BY MICROPROPAGATION
212_49 PHOTOSYNTHETIC ACTIVITY OF CAULIFLOWER MERISTEM CULTURES IN VITRO AND AT TRANSPLANTING INTO SOIL
212_50 IN VITRO HARDENING OF CULTURED CAULIFLOWER AND CHRYSANTHEMUM PLANTLETS TO HUMIDITY
212_51 OPTIMALISATION OF THE TRANSFER OF TISSUE CULTURED SHOOTS TO IN VIVO CONDITIONS
212_52 NATURAL AND EXPERIMENTAL EXPRESSION OF RHIZOGENESIS : BEHAVIOUR OF TARGET AND NON TARGET CELLS
212_53 LONG-TERM STORAGE OF GERBERA ROOTED IN VITRO
212_54 ROOTING AND ACCLIMATIZATION OF PELARGONIUM ZONALE PLANTLETS
212_55 SOME FACTORS INFLUENCING NEPHROLEPIS ACCLIMATIZATION
212_56 THIN PVC FOIL COVERING (TPFC), AN EFFICIENT METHOD FOR CULTURE AND PREACCLIMATIZATION OF IN VITRO PLANT CULTURES
212_57 INTEREST OF BACTERIZED SYNTHETICS SUBSTRATES MILCAP® FOR IN VITRO CULTURE
212_58 FIELD PERFORMANCE OF MICROPROPAGATED PEACH ROOTSTOCKS AND SCION CULTIVARS OF SOUR CHERRY AND APPLE (1)
212_59 FIELD OBSERVATIONS ON THREE CLONES OF "CORVINIA VERONESE" (VITIS VINIFERA L.) MULTIPLIED BY "IN VITRO" CULTURE
212_60 CHANGING THE GROWTH AND MORPHOLOGY OF POTATO PLANTLETS IN VITRO BY VARYING THE ILLUMINATION SOURCE
212_61 HETEROGENEITY OF PROGENY IN MERISTEM CULTURE
212_62 ADVENTITIOUS REGENERATION IN PELARGONIUM X DOMESTICUM BAILEY
212_63 IN VITRO PROBLEMS RELATED TO PROPAGATION OF DIFFERENT FERN SPECIES
212_64 HOMOGENITY AND PLANT QUALITY OF IN VITRO PROPAGATED NEPHROLEPIS EXALTATA 'BOSTONIENSIS'
212_65 MICROPROPAGATION OF ANTHURIUM SCHERZERIANUM: PROPAGATION SCHEMES AND PLANT CONFORMITY
212_66 COMPARISON OF PLANT AND YIELD CHARACTERS OF IN VITRO AND NORMAL PROPAGATED STRAWBERRY PLANTS
212_67 MICROPROPAGATION OF JUVENILE CALOCEDRUS DECURRENS
212_68 IN VITRO CULTURE OF POGOSTEMON CABLIN BENTH
212_69 MICROPROPAGATION OF PRUNUS TENELLA CV. FIREHILL
212_70 EFFECT OF CULTURE CONDITIONS ON MULTIPLICATION AND GROWTH OF MALUS IN VITRO
212_71 CITRUS MICROPROPAGATION
212_72 EXPERIENCES ON THE 'IN VITRO' PROPAGATION OF SOME CITRUS ROOTSTOCKS
212_73 IN VITRO PROPAGATION OF JUVENILE AND ADULT CLONES OF CUNNINGHAMIA LANCEOLATA (LAMB.) HOOK.
212_74 IN VITRO ESTABLISHMENT AND MULTIPLICATION OF JUVENILE AND MATURE DOUGLAS-FIR AND SUGAR PINE
212_75 MICROPROPAGATION ASPECTS OF SEQUOIADENDRON GIGANTEUM JUVENILE AND MATURE CLONES.
212_76 IN VITRO PROPAGATION OF ADULT MATERIAL AND SEEDLINGS OF CORYLUS AVELLANA
212_77 FILBERT PLANTLET FORMATION THROUGH "IN VITRO" CULTURE
212_78 WALNUT MICROPROPAGATION : FIRST RESULTS
212_79 CHOICE OF EXPLANTS FOR CHESTNUT MICROPROPAGATION
212_80 MICROPROPAGATION OF CHESTNUT (CASTANEA SATIVA MILL.)
212_81 VEGETATIVE PROPAGATION OF ANDROGENOUS EMBRYOS OF HORSE CHESTNUT BY MERISTEM CULTURE IN VITRO
212_82 IN VITRO CULTURE OF PLATANUS ACERIFOLIA IN RELATION WITH THE CANKER STAIN DISEASE INDUCED BY CERATOCYSTIS FIMBRIATA
212_83 IN VITRO CULTURE OF ALNUS SPECIES
212_84 APEX TISSUE CULTURE OF ALDER (ALNUS GLUTINOSA GAERTN). PRELIMINARY RESULTS
212_85 COMMERCIAL MICROPROPAGATION OF FIVE ALNUS SPECIES
212_86 EXPERIENCES AND PROBLEMS RELATED TO THE MICROPROPAGATION OF BLACK LOCUST
212_87 SHORT NOTE ON THE EFFECTS OF SUGAR ON THE GROWTH OF EUCALYPTUS GUNNII IN VITRO
212_88 TISSUE CULTURE OF JOJOBA (SIMMONDSIA CHINENSIS, LINK)
212_89 IN VITRO BROWNING OF TISSUES AND MEDIA WITH SPECIAL EMPHASIS TO DATE PALM CULTURES-A REVIEW
212_90 ORGANOGENESIS IN HYBRID COCONUT EMBRYO CULTURE
212_91 TISSUE CULTURE PROPAGATION OF PAPAYA
212_92 ADVANCES IN THE MICROPROPAGATION OF AVOCADO (PERSEA AMERICANA MILL.)
212_93 IN VITRO PROPAGATION OF CANARY ISLAND BANANA (MUSA ACUMINATA COLLA AAA VAR. DWARF CAVENDISH). STUDIES OF FACTORS AFFECTING CULTURE OBTENTION, PRESERVATION AND CONFORMITY OF THE PLANTS
212_94 FRUIT CULTURES MICROPROPAGATION IN MOLDAVIA
212_95 CLONAL MICROPROPAGATION OF APPLE TREES
212_96 MICROPROPAGATION OF APPLE ROOTSTOCKS
212_97 STUDY ON EFFECT OF SOME NUTRIENT MEDIUM FACTORS ON THE DEVELOPMENT OF CHERRY AND SWEET CHERRY ROOTSTOCKS IN VITRO
212_98 MICROCLONAL PROPAGATION OF PRUNUS AVIUM L.
212_99 ACCLIMATIZATION OF THE MICROPROPAGATED CHERRY ROOTSTOCK 'MASTO DE MONTAÑANA' (PRUNUS CERASUS L.)
212_100 MASS PRODUCTION OF RASPBERRY PLANTS BY MERISTEM CULTURE
212_101 IN VITRO CULTURE OF RASPBERRY (RUBUS IDAEUS) FOR MASS PROPAGATION AND VIRUS ELIMINATION
212_102 MICROPROPAGATION OF SEVERAL Rosa hybrida L. CULTIVARS
212_103 IN VITRO PROPAGATION OF "GOLDEN TIMES" ROSES. FACTORS AFFECTING SHOOT TIPS AND AXILLARY BUDS GROWTH AND MORPHOGENESIS
212_104 FACTORS AFFECTING ESTABLISHMENT AND DEVELOPMENT OF MAGNOLIA HYBRIDS IN VITRO
212_105 MASS PROPAGATION OF NEW GLADIOLUS HYBRIDS
212_106 COMMERCIAL PLANT TISSUE CULTURE IN THE UNITED STATES
212_107 COMMERCIAL PRODUCTION OF ERICACEOUS PLANTS BY TISSUE CULTURE
212_108 MASS PROPAGATION OF FERNS THROUGH TISSUE CULTURE
212_109 PROPAGATION OF THE FERN ADIANTUM CAPILLUS-VENERIS THROUGH TISSUE CULTURE OF THE CIRCINATE PART OF YOUNG LEAVES
212_110 CLONAL MASS PROPAGATION OF THE FERN CYRTOMIUM FALCATUM
212_111 IN VITRO CULTURE OF SHOOT-TIP MERISTEMS IN SOME HIGHER PLANTS
212_112 MICROPROPAGATION OF SOME WILD SPECIES OF THE GENUS Lycopersicon
212_113 IN VITRO PROPAGATION OF HORSE-RADISH /COCHLEARIA ARMORACIA L./
212_114 IN VITRO MULTIPLICATION OF CROCUS SATIVUS L.
212_115 MICROPROPAGATION OF TULIP: OPTIMISING SHOOT PRODUCTION FROM FLORAL STEM EXPLANTS
212_116 CALLUS INDUCTION AND A PRELIMINARY ATTEMPT TO OBTAIN CELL SUSPENSIONS FROM EMBRYOS AND LEAVES OF JUGLANS REGIA L.
212_117 USE OF PETIOLE SEGMENTS OF ACTINIDIA CHINENSIS (KLWI) FOR PLANT DIFFERENTIATION AND PRODUCTION OF FRIABLE CALLI FOR PROTOPLAST ISOLATION
212_118 REGENERATION FROM ROSA CALLUS
212_119 CALLUS AND PLANTLET INDUCTION IN PAPAVER SOMNIFERUM
212_120 IN VITRO PLANT REGENERATION OF BRASSICA CAMPESTRIS L. ON STEM AND LEAF EXPLANTS
212_121 IN VITRO PROPAGATION AND REGENERATION OF PLANTS FROM CALLUSES OF BEGONIAX TUBERHYBRIDA
212_122 IN VITRO ORGANOGENESIS OF CYCLAMEN PERSICUM MILL. SEEDLING TISSUE
212_123 THE CAPABILITY OF IN VITRO REGENERATION OF VARIOUS CULTIVARS OF FREESIA HYBRIDA
212_124 SOMATIC EMBRYOGENESIS IN TISSUE CULTURE OF IRIS (IRIS PUMILA L.)
212_125 SOMATIC EMBRYOGENESIS IN FUCHSIA *
212_126 ASPECTS AND PROSPECTS OF SOMATIC EMBRYOGENESIS IN MUSA, ABB, CV. BLUGGOE
212_127 SOMATIC EMBRYOGENESIS AND PLANTLETS FORMATION FROM FLOWER BUDS CULTIVATED IN VITRO
212_128 MESOPHYLL PROTOPLASTS OF CICHORIUM INTYBUS L. : AN ALTERNATIVE TO MULTIPLICATION AND SELECTION
212_129 VARIATION OF THE QUANTITIES OF SOLUBLE COMPOUNDS IN EXPLANTS, CALLI AND SUSPENDED CELLS OF THE SAME LINEAGE
212_130 SELECTION FOR SODIUM CHLORIDE TOLERANCE IN CHRYSANTHEMUMS.

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