STUDIES ON DEVELOPMENTAL PROCESSES IN OVULES OF SOJA GLYCINE MAX L. PLANTS AND EFFECTS OF CERTAIN TOXINS AND ENVIRONMENTAL POLUTANTS

Cytohistological studies on carpel and ovule development in Glycine max L. have shown that the development trend is similar to that presented by George (1979)and Benavente (1989), polygonum type. But in ovule, the outer integument is differentiated prior to the inner integument, several archeosporic cells are produced, and antipodes are degenerated quickly after production. Application of metasystox, Thiodan, and Nuvacrone, in lower concentrations, or 20 days prior to flowering phase has no effects on carpel and ovule development; but in higher concentrations or few days prior to flowering produces certain effects such as production of massive tetrads, an increase in size and stability of nucellus cells, quick growth of ovule's integuments, an incerase in embryonic sac cytoplasmic concentration, irregularity and even stopping the nuclear envelope formation of embryonic sac, and finally a reduction in the number of ovules. Treatment with SO₂ and smoke from petrol combustion causes similar changes, in addition SO₂ with 1.2 and 1.8 ppm concentrations facilitates the observation of mitotic spindle threads in embryonic sac, changes the mitosis driection, and finally facilitates the fecondation and embryogenesis.