STUDYING OF TOMATO RESISTANCE TO BROOMRAPE AND BREEDING VARIETIES FOR PROCESSING

As the result of screening of collection samples on the artificial infectious grounds the gene donors of the resistance to Orobanche aegyptiaca Pers. and Orobanche cumana Wallr. were found. The inheritance of the tomato high level resistance to O. aegyptiaca was studied and shown that it is controlled by dominant monogene, named Ora. Gene Ora was localized in the short shoulder of the chromosome 11, near gene j. The mechanism of resistance of Ora-lines is connected with the defensive isolation reaction of tomato root cells against the penetration of broomrape seed sprouts into root vessels. The parasite dies on the stage of the contact with host root when the broomrape sprout partly penetrates into parenchyma cells or, that is less often, to vessel.
In the course of more than 20 years work on the base of gene Ora we have bred tomato varieties of different terms of ripening, resistant to egyptian broomrape and 3 other diseases. Varieties are recommended for growing in 4-11 administrative districts of RF: Bahtemir, Astrakhansky, Urievsky (genetic structure - Ora, BER, RSC, Tm-2, O, u-U, fruit weights: 80-100, 100-130, 120-150 g.). All varieties are growing for processing and preparing paste, juice and souses. Tomato Ora-variety Transnovinka with weight 60-80 g for mechanical harvesting and producing whole packin was selected.