BIOCIDES, SOIL SOLARIZATION AND FUMIGATION TO CONTROL FUSARIUM OXYSPORUM F. SP. ALBEDINIS INCITING BAYOUD DISEASE ON DATE PALM

In quest of developing an effective strategy to control Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. albedinis, inciting Bayoud disease on date palm in morocco, the effects of soil solarization and metam sodium, alone or in combination, on survival of total fungi and Fusarium spp. were investigated in open field. At 0-20 cm depth, all treatments were almost 100% effective. At 20-40 cm depth, they eliminated more than 80% of total fungi and 90% of Fusarium spp. At 40-60 cm depth, a combination of reduced doses of metam sodium and soil solarization was more effective. Also, many natural products were tested for their effect on Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. albedinis growth and survival. In vitro, shrimps shell, vetiver (Chrysopogon zizanioïdes L.) leaves and roots effect resulted in complete inhibition of spores germination and in 26, 27 and 56% decreased mycelial growth respectively for 15, 10 and 5 g/L. Amending soil with shrimps shell at 1% (wt/wt) suppressed completely Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. albedinis and resulted in 26.5% increased antagonistic actinomycetes population.