Articles
The breeding progress and development status of the kiwifruit industry in China
Article number
1332_59
Pages
445 – 454
Language
English
Abstract
Kiwifruit is native to China, but the kiwifruit industry first developed in New Zealand.
After more than 110 years of development, kiwifruit have become an important fruit in the world.
The orchard cultivation of kiwifruit in China began in the early 1980s, and the initial planting area was less than 1 ha with the cultivar Hayward of New Zealand.
After more than 40 years of development, by 2020, the national cultivated orchard area is nearly 290,000 ha, and the annual output is more than 3.2 million t, with diversified cultivars.
The planting area of Hayward has declined to only 6.3% of the total.
The kiwifruit industry has played an important role in developing the rural county economy, alleviating farmers poverty, and protecting the natural environment.
In the past 42 years, Chinas exploration and utilization of wild germplasm resources and innovative breeding has promoted the rapid development of kiwifruit industry and has resulted in development of 156 new cultivars, including eight with planted orchard areas of more than 6667 ha: Hongyang, Xuxiang, Cuixiang, Donghong, Guichang, Jinyan, Miliang 1 and Jintao. According to flesh color, the green-, yellow- and red-fleshed cultivars of Actinidia chinensis Planch. accounted for 49.87, 15.80 and 32.56% of the total planting area, respectively, and another 1.77% of A. arguta (Sieb. et Zucc.) Planch. ex Miq. and A. eriantha Benth. 99.73% of Chinese kiwifruit production is domestically consumed.
Meanwhile, kiwifruit annual imports into China have increased continuously and reached 193,205 t by 2019, and China has become the largest importer in the world.
Finally, it is concluded that China has become the worlds largest producer and consumer.
After more than 110 years of development, kiwifruit have become an important fruit in the world.
The orchard cultivation of kiwifruit in China began in the early 1980s, and the initial planting area was less than 1 ha with the cultivar Hayward of New Zealand.
After more than 40 years of development, by 2020, the national cultivated orchard area is nearly 290,000 ha, and the annual output is more than 3.2 million t, with diversified cultivars.
The planting area of Hayward has declined to only 6.3% of the total.
The kiwifruit industry has played an important role in developing the rural county economy, alleviating farmers poverty, and protecting the natural environment.
In the past 42 years, Chinas exploration and utilization of wild germplasm resources and innovative breeding has promoted the rapid development of kiwifruit industry and has resulted in development of 156 new cultivars, including eight with planted orchard areas of more than 6667 ha: Hongyang, Xuxiang, Cuixiang, Donghong, Guichang, Jinyan, Miliang 1 and Jintao. According to flesh color, the green-, yellow- and red-fleshed cultivars of Actinidia chinensis Planch. accounted for 49.87, 15.80 and 32.56% of the total planting area, respectively, and another 1.77% of A. arguta (Sieb. et Zucc.) Planch. ex Miq. and A. eriantha Benth. 99.73% of Chinese kiwifruit production is domestically consumed.
Meanwhile, kiwifruit annual imports into China have increased continuously and reached 193,205 t by 2019, and China has become the largest importer in the world.
Finally, it is concluded that China has become the worlds largest producer and consumer.
Publication
Authors
Caihong Zhong, Wenjun Huang, Zupeng Wang, Li Li, Dawei Li, Qiong Zhang, Tingting Zhao, Peng Zhang
Keywords
kiwifruit, Actinidia, breeding progress, industry status
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