Articles
Characteristics and compatibility of rootstocks and grafts on native mango cultivars, Frutales Experimental Station, Peravia, Dominican Republic
Article number
1415_24
Pages
205 – 214
Language
English
Abstract
The mango is a fruit of socio-economic importance in the Dominican Republic, since a considerable number of people depend on it throughout the production chain.
The country has 704 certified producers to export to the United States, 507 are from Peravia and 197 from Azua.
According to figures from the Ministry of Agriculture mango exports for 2022 were 20,800 t.
The production of the main cultivars for export: ‘Keitt’, ‘Mingolo’, ‘Crema de Oro’ and ‘Banilejo’, are supported by plants produced with two main polyembryonic rootstocks: ‘Banilejo’ and ‘Largo’. There are other cultivars ‘Morado’ and ‘Gota de Oro’, that can be evaluated as rootstocks, due to their presence in producing areas which have been little valued with respect to rootstock/graft compatibility.
For the use of these cultivars, it is recommended to evaluate the rootstock/graft compatibility and the behavior at the nursery level.
The country is not taking advantage of these native cultivars that may have the potential to be used in asexual multiplication in the main production areas due to their high variability.
There are few studies in the country on which would be the best rootstock for asexual propagation.
A study was carried out with the objective of characterizing and evaluating the compatibility of four rootstocks in three export cultivars.
Biological materials used as rootstocks were ‘Morado’, ‘Gota de Oro’, ‘Banilejo’ and ‘Largo’ locally sourced commercial cultivars were ‘Mingolo’, ‘Crema de Oro’ and ‘Banilejo’. A completely randomized design was used in a factorial arrangement, A – rootstocks and B – cultivars, with six replicates and 12 treatments.
The study was carried out at the Frutales Bani Experimental Station, of IDIAF, Los Jobos, Sombrero, Peravia Province.
The climate corresponds to semi-arid with rains in summer and part of autumn, average annual temperature of 27°C, average rainfall of 988 mm and an altitude of 45 m a.s.l.
The data obtained were analyzed using the INFOAST version 2020 program.
The number of embryos presented in the seed differs between rootstocks and the cultivar, 55 and 50% of the seeds, respectively, of ‘Banilejo’ and ‘Largo’ having a single embryo while I the case of ‘Gota de Oro’ and ‘Morado’ 40% of them presented two embryos.
In measuring the percentage of taking, there was a significant difference (p<0.001) between the combinations of rootstocks ‘Banilejo’ × ‘Largo’ and ‘Largo’ × ‘Largo’, both with 83%. The results showed that the length of the seedling from the grafting point were statistically significant (p<0.001), being ‘Largo’ × ‘Gota de Oro’, equal to ‘Banilejo’ × ‘Banilejo’ with an average of 57.61 mm and 66.08, respectively.
In the double grafting variable, there was a significant difference (p<0.001) between the combinations of rootstocks with commercial cultivars, being ‘Largo’ × ‘Largo’ × ‘Mingolo’ with a take of 91.20 and ‘Banilejo’ × ‘Banilejo’ × ‘Crema de Oro’ with a take 46.70%.
The country has 704 certified producers to export to the United States, 507 are from Peravia and 197 from Azua.
According to figures from the Ministry of Agriculture mango exports for 2022 were 20,800 t.
The production of the main cultivars for export: ‘Keitt’, ‘Mingolo’, ‘Crema de Oro’ and ‘Banilejo’, are supported by plants produced with two main polyembryonic rootstocks: ‘Banilejo’ and ‘Largo’. There are other cultivars ‘Morado’ and ‘Gota de Oro’, that can be evaluated as rootstocks, due to their presence in producing areas which have been little valued with respect to rootstock/graft compatibility.
For the use of these cultivars, it is recommended to evaluate the rootstock/graft compatibility and the behavior at the nursery level.
The country is not taking advantage of these native cultivars that may have the potential to be used in asexual multiplication in the main production areas due to their high variability.
There are few studies in the country on which would be the best rootstock for asexual propagation.
A study was carried out with the objective of characterizing and evaluating the compatibility of four rootstocks in three export cultivars.
Biological materials used as rootstocks were ‘Morado’, ‘Gota de Oro’, ‘Banilejo’ and ‘Largo’ locally sourced commercial cultivars were ‘Mingolo’, ‘Crema de Oro’ and ‘Banilejo’. A completely randomized design was used in a factorial arrangement, A – rootstocks and B – cultivars, with six replicates and 12 treatments.
The study was carried out at the Frutales Bani Experimental Station, of IDIAF, Los Jobos, Sombrero, Peravia Province.
The climate corresponds to semi-arid with rains in summer and part of autumn, average annual temperature of 27°C, average rainfall of 988 mm and an altitude of 45 m a.s.l.
The data obtained were analyzed using the INFOAST version 2020 program.
The number of embryos presented in the seed differs between rootstocks and the cultivar, 55 and 50% of the seeds, respectively, of ‘Banilejo’ and ‘Largo’ having a single embryo while I the case of ‘Gota de Oro’ and ‘Morado’ 40% of them presented two embryos.
In measuring the percentage of taking, there was a significant difference (p<0.001) between the combinations of rootstocks ‘Banilejo’ × ‘Largo’ and ‘Largo’ × ‘Largo’, both with 83%. The results showed that the length of the seedling from the grafting point were statistically significant (p<0.001), being ‘Largo’ × ‘Gota de Oro’, equal to ‘Banilejo’ × ‘Banilejo’ with an average of 57.61 mm and 66.08, respectively.
In the double grafting variable, there was a significant difference (p<0.001) between the combinations of rootstocks with commercial cultivars, being ‘Largo’ × ‘Largo’ × ‘Mingolo’ with a take of 91.20 and ‘Banilejo’ × ‘Banilejo’ × ‘Crema de Oro’ with a take 46.70%.
Publication
Authors
C. Batista, S. Sosa, D. de la Rosa
Keywords
propagation, genetic diversity, compatibility
Groups involved
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