Articles
ADAPTATION AND PERFORMANCE OF 15 AVOCADO CULTIVARS GROWN IN ANTALYA PROVINCE IN SOUTHERN TURKEY
Article number
632_4
Pages
45 – 52
Language
English
Abstract
Avocado (Persea americana Mill.) is grown in the Mediterranean strips of Turkey.
This study started with four avocado cultivars (Fuerte, Hass, Bacon and Zutano), which were brought from California in the 1970s.
These cultivars were planted first at the Citrus and Greenhouse Crops Research Institute orchard in Antalya and gave successful results.
Then, they were also planted in four ecologically different areas of the Mediterranean Region.
Additional new cultivars were also introduced to Turkey from California and Corsica in the 1980s.
The present study comprises the results of experiments conducted from 1997 to 2001 with a total of 15 cultivars.
Fruit and tree characteristics, yield, flowering time and effects of ecological conditions on the cultivars were observed.
Flowering time varied from year to year and also due to cultivars.
The time from beginning of flowering to the end of flowering lasted three to five weeks.
Generally, full blooming was observed in mid April and blooming ended at the end of April or the beginning of May.
The highest yield was obtained from Bacon, Hass and Zutano (average 81.1-72.2 kg/tree). The lowest yields were obtained from Wurtz, Reed and Ryan (average 23.5-25.0 kg/tree). Santana gave the largest fruits and Hass gave the smallest with 330 g and 163 g, respectively.
In order to determine tree characteristics: trunk diameter, tree height and crown width were measured Ettinger, Bacon, Zutano and Santana showed upright habit whereas Fuerte and Hass showed spreading forms.
Low winter temperatures occurred in different years, causing damage on vegetative and generative parts of the trees in various extents; Reed, Pinkerton, Corona, Hass and Rincon were the cultivars most affected.
This study started with four avocado cultivars (Fuerte, Hass, Bacon and Zutano), which were brought from California in the 1970s.
These cultivars were planted first at the Citrus and Greenhouse Crops Research Institute orchard in Antalya and gave successful results.
Then, they were also planted in four ecologically different areas of the Mediterranean Region.
Additional new cultivars were also introduced to Turkey from California and Corsica in the 1980s.
The present study comprises the results of experiments conducted from 1997 to 2001 with a total of 15 cultivars.
Fruit and tree characteristics, yield, flowering time and effects of ecological conditions on the cultivars were observed.
Flowering time varied from year to year and also due to cultivars.
The time from beginning of flowering to the end of flowering lasted three to five weeks.
Generally, full blooming was observed in mid April and blooming ended at the end of April or the beginning of May.
The highest yield was obtained from Bacon, Hass and Zutano (average 81.1-72.2 kg/tree). The lowest yields were obtained from Wurtz, Reed and Ryan (average 23.5-25.0 kg/tree). Santana gave the largest fruits and Hass gave the smallest with 330 g and 163 g, respectively.
In order to determine tree characteristics: trunk diameter, tree height and crown width were measured Ettinger, Bacon, Zutano and Santana showed upright habit whereas Fuerte and Hass showed spreading forms.
Low winter temperatures occurred in different years, causing damage on vegetative and generative parts of the trees in various extents; Reed, Pinkerton, Corona, Hass and Rincon were the cultivars most affected.
Authors
A. Demirkol, S. Bayram, I. Baktir
Keywords
Fruit and tree characteristics, yield, blooming period, effects of climatic conditions
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