VIRUSES OF GLOBE ARTICHOKE: AN OVERVIEW

An account is given of the current knowledge on viruses infecting globe artichoke (Cynara scolymus L.) and cardoon (Cynara cardunculus L.) and the diseases they cause.
Most of the 22 viruses found in these crops were recorded from Europe and the Mediterranean Basin, where they constitute veritable threats to the artichoke industry.
Viruses with isometric particles c.30 nm in diameter are 10, belonging to five genera: Nepovirus (Artichoke Italian latent virus, Artichoke yellow ringspot virus, Artichoke Aegean ringspot virus, Artichoke vein banding virus, and Tomato black ring virus), Fabavirus (Broad bean wilt virus), Ilarvirus (Tobacco streak virus), Cucumovirus (Cucumber mosaic virus), and Tombusvirus (Artichoke mottled crinkle virus). One of the isometric viruses (Pelargonium zonate spot virus) is still unassigned.
Viruses with rod-shaped rigid particles are two, belonging to the genera Tobamovirus (Tobacco mosaic virus), and Tobravirus (Tobacco rattle virus). Viruses with filamentous particles are seven belonging to three genera: Potyvirus (Artichoke latent virus, Artichoke degeneration virus, Bean yellow mosaic virus, and Turnip mosaic virus), Carlavirus (Artichoke latent M virus and Artichoke latent S virus) and Potexvirus (Artichoke curly dwarf virus and Potato virus X). Two viruses, both with enveloped particles, belong to the genera Cytorhabdovirus (Cynara virus) and Tospovirus (Tomato spotted wilt virus). The main properties and the epidemiology of these viruses are discussed and the techniques used for their detection and identification reviewed.
Finally, micropropagation techniques for obtaining virus-free artichoke plants are briefly outlined.

IV International Congress on Artichoke

G.L. Rana, D. Gallitelli, C. Vovlas, G.P. Martelli

globe artichoke, cardoon, viruses, virus diseases, diagnosis, sanitation

https://doi.org/10.17660/ActaHortic.2005.681.77